Richard I ruled as King of England from 1189 to 1199. He also governed as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine, and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and also being ruler of Brittany at different periods. He was the 3rd of 5 sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and he appeared not likely to prosper his dad as king, but all of his brothers had passed away before him, other than the youngest, John. Just because of his track record as a prominent army leader and fighter, Richard is called Richard Cur de Lion (Norman French: Le quor de lion) or Richard the Lionheart. Richard Oc-e-Non (Occitan for Yes and No) was a label given to him by troubadour Bertran de Born, probably simply because of his terseness. Richard had taken management of his own army by the age of 16, putting down disobediences in Poitou against his dad. Richard was a key Christian leader throughout the Third Crusade, commanding the project after Philip II of France's departure and winning substantial successes over Saladin, his Muslim equivalent, while signing a peace treaty and ending the fight without retaking Jerusalem. In this book, we will learn more about his life and his motivations.
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