“Memorias del Subsuelo” es una novela corta organizada en dos partes. La primera, que consta de once
capítulos breves y es llamada "La Ratonera", es básicamente un monólogo interior en el que se nos presenta al
protagonista, un miserable funcionario frustrado, como un antihéroe contradictorio, enfermizo y excitable, que
dirige su charla a un público inexistente. La segunda parte, que nace a propósito de la "caída de nieve húmeda",
consiste en el relato de una memoria del narrador, donde cuenta algo ocurrido en su juventud, relacionado
con la despedida a Zvérkov, uno de sus antiguos compañeros de escuela. “Memorias del Subsuelo” tiene un
importante trasfondo psicológico, y las cuestiones filosóficas que aborda son decisivas para comprender la
obra posterior del escritor.
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Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (1821–1881) was a Russian novelist, journalist, and short-story writer whose psychological penetration into the darkest recesses of the human heart had a profound and universal influence on the twentieth-century novel. He was born in Moscow, the son of a surgeon. Leaving the study of engineering for literature, he published Poor Folk in 1846. As a member of revolutionary circles in St. Petersburg, he was condemned to death in 1849. A last-minute reprieve sent him to Siberia for hard labor. Returning to St. Petersburg in 1859, he worked as a journalist and completed his masterpiece, Crime and Punishment, as well as other works, including The Idiot and The Brothers Karamazov.