Pope Innocent III, during the course of his papacy (1198-1216), gave a great impulse to the movement of the crusades, but this had no effect on the holy land. The crusaders conquered the capital of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople, and founded a new empire; however, they never reached Jerusalem. Not even subsequent expeditions obtained better results. The fifth crusade sank in the Nile Delta (1221), while the following crusade, lead by the Emperor Frederic II of Svevia, showed signs of internal disagreement between the two strong Occidental Christian authorities (Pope and Emperor) right from the beginning. It only temporarily retook hold of the Holy City in 1229, giving little benefit to the destiny of the Latin Oriental reigns.
NOTE: This audiobook is in Italian.
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